The second abundant ingredient squalane is oil derived from shark liver or olives. In cosmetics it is more likely to be olive oil. It is a nutrient yet light, naturally good emollient that has antioxidant properties.
The other main effective ingredient against aging in this product will be vitamin E, which is the super-potent and skin-friendly antioxidant against UV-radiation damage and first signs of aging. Also there is a little soy protein content that protects against free radicals. Soy protein may also stimulate collagent production and affects skin thickness and elasticity.
This eye treatment doesn't have ingredients against set-in wrinkles or dark circles.
There are two concerns about this product. First the fourth abundant ingredient is propylene glycol (PG). PG is derived from petroleum and used in cosmetics as solvents, surfactants, and wetting agents. It enhances the penetration of other ingredients because it is easily absorbed through skin. However PG is a potent skin irritant. PG could provoke skin irritation and sensitization at concentration as low as 2%. In fact U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a warning to avoid skin contact to prevent brain, liver, and kidney abnormalities.
Secondly the ingredient chlorphenesin is alcohol used as a preservative in cosmetics. The use of this cosmetics is restricted in Japan.
Safety alert: Cautious
review based on scientific information of the product ingredients.
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